Residential location and transit-oriented development in a new rail corridor

Olaru, Smith, Taplin, 2011, in Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2010.12.007
Location Perth, Australia
Population General
Sample size 1034
Factor analysis type unknown, unknown rotation
Stepwise regression no
Removal of insignificant variables no
Reviewed by LCM

Abstract

The relationship of form, use, and density in urban development and their influence on human behavior and travel is a key element of many land use and transport policies. Prior research indicates high-density urban development leads to decreased travel and thus sustainable mobility; however, personal attitudes seem to have greater effect on mobility than does the urban form. This research evaluates how households consider transit-oriented development (TOD) characteristics in their location decisions with regard to new Mandurah railway line stations opened in December 2007 in Perth, Western Australia. The results indicate that the choice of residence reflects neighborhood and housing attributes, with significant heterogeneity in the populations of the three precincts in terms of their valuation of various housing characteristics, proximity to urban facilities, and transport. There is also significant variation in households’ attitudes to natural and artificial environments. A better understanding of the complex relationships among environment, travel, socio-demographic characteristics, and household attitudes can help transport planners leverage the benefits of TOD and improve the quality of urban design and community life.

Factors

Variable Pattern loading
Shops (Res preference/perception) 0.854
School (Res preference/perception) 0.65
Medical services (Res preference/perception) 0.847
Natural environment (Res preference/perception) 0.846
Rail station (Res preference/perception) 0.735
School walk (Res preference/perception) 0.748
Variable Pattern loading
Shops (Res preference/perception) 0.708
School (Res preference/perception) 0.535
Medical services (Res preference/perception) 0.733
Natural environment (Res preference/perception) 0.686
Rail station (Res preference/perception) 0.631
Variable Pattern loading
Property size (Res preference/perception) 0.663
Real estate value (Res preference/perception) 0.705
Style of the house (Res preference/perception) 0.705
Scenic attractive area (Res preference/perception) 0.594
Variable Pattern loading
Travel time to work (Res preference/perception) 0.79
Proximity to transport (Res preference/perception) 0.79
Proximity to all facilities (Res preference/perception) 0.632
Variable Pattern loading
People with similar background (Res preference/perception) 0.658
Social contact (Res preference/perception) 0.655
Familiarity with the area (Res preference/perception) 0.622
Safety (Safety) 0.567
Closer relations with family/friends (Res preference/perception) 0.526

Models

Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 1034.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.217
BIC 1.254
Log-likelihood at zero -2712.58
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -2358.18
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0077 0.0
Number of stories -0.8994 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0009 0.119
Walking time to school (min) -0.0107 0.201
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0415 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0162 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.1351 0.014
Daily travel cost ($) -0.1124 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.0193 0.0
Constant 3.322 0.0
Number of children -0.0907 0.49
Number of bedrooms -0.447 0.03
Number of vehicles -0.3241 0.056
Income -0.0005 0.0
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0009 0.062
Number of stories 0.3168 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0051 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0355 0.0
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0294 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0173 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.4586 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) -0.013 0.327
Daily travel time (min) -0.0084 0.016
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 317.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.236
BIC 1.323
Log-likelihood at zero -950.14
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -823.9
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0045 0.0
Number of stories -0.794 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0022 0.007
Walking time to school (min) -0.0199 0.09
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0476 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0216 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.257 0.001
Daily travel cost ($) -0.1152 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.01 0.14
Constant 3.6933 0.004
Number of children -0.4154 0.074
Number of bedrooms -0.3611 0.295
Number of vehicles -0.2567 0.343
Income -0.0005 0.061
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) 0.0018 0.065
Number of stories 0.7067 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0062 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0376 0.002
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0404 0.002
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0075 0.262
Quality and amenity 0.3394 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) 0.026 0.556
Daily travel time (min) -0.0201 0.01
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 369.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.21
BIC 1.296
Log-likelihood at zero -971.7
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -825.41
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0129 0.0
Number of stories -1.1643 0.002
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0006 0.624
Walking time to school (min) 0.0013 0.928
Walking time to shops (min) -0.047 0.034
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0042 0.667
Quality and amenity -0.2681 0.073
Daily travel cost ($) -0.284 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.0736 0.0
Constant 0.7373 0.569
Number of children -0.0809 0.857
Number of bedrooms 0.0342 0.912
Number of vehicles -0.2335 0.596
Income -0.0008 0.0
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0019 0.061
Number of stories -0.2739 0.005
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0033 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0332 0.0
Walking time to shops (min) -0.038 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0214 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.3981 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) -0.001 0.849
Daily travel time (min) -0.0071 0.148
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 348.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.172
BIC 1.273
Log-likelihood at zero -790.72
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -645.41
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0152 0.0
Number of stories -0.4665 0.015
Size of the block of land (m2) -0.0006 0.576
Walking time to school (min) -0.0175 0.268
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0323 0.043
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0242 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.247 0.009
Daily travel cost ($) -0.0134 0.727
Daily travel time (min) -0.0143 0.102
Constant 2.9374 0.029
Number of children -0.1841 0.529
Number of bedrooms -0.3045 0.46
Number of vehicles -0.4668 0.154
Income -0.0005 0.006
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0047 0.0
Number of stories 0.4904 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0091 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0119 0.328
Walking time to shops (min) 0.0052 0.675
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0139 0.009
Quality and amenity 0.6211 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) -0.0486 0.076
Daily travel time (min) -0.0042 0.569
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 1034.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.215
BIC 1.25
Log-likelihood at zero -2712.58
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -2355.12
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0069 0.0
Number of stories -0.8914 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.001 0.077
Walking time to school (min) -0.012 0.124
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0396 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0175 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.1374 0.007
Daily travel cost ($) -0.1075 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.0187 0.0
Constant 0.8563 0.0
Importance of having facilities in 5 min cycling distance and school in 5 min walking distance -0.3856 0.021
Physical features - dwellings and surroundings -1.0615 0.0
Proximity to transport facilities 0.9624 0.0
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.001 0.055
Number of stories 0.4292 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0054 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0382 0.0
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0306 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0158 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.4927 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) -0.0038 0.795
Daily travel time (min) -0.008 0.029
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 317.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.23
BIC 1.314
Log-likelihood at zero -950.14
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -821.05
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0046 0.0
Number of stories -0.8146 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0025 0.002
Walking time to school (min) -0.0192 0.1
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0445 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0236 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.234 0.003
Daily travel cost ($) -0.118 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.0089 0.175
Constant 1.2234 0.0
Importance of having facilities in 5 min cycling distance and school in 5 min walking distance -0.4894 0.083
Physical features - dwellings and surroundings -0.8766 0.018
Proximity to transport facilities 1.5277 0.0
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) 0.0021 0.017
Number of stories 0.6713 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0056 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.04 0.002
Walking time to shops (min) -0.046 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0027 0.912
Quality and amenity 0.3643 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) 0.0357 0.338
Daily travel time (min) -0.0212 0.004
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 369.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.215
BIC 1.297
Log-likelihood at zero -971.7
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -829.76
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0098 0.0
Number of stories -0.948 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0015 0.007
Walking time to school (min) -0.0013 0.542
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0403 0.022
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0032 0.51
Quality and amenity -0.1829 0.583
Daily travel cost ($) -0.1915 0.0
Daily travel time (min) -0.0436 0.0
Constant 0.2437 0.01
Importance of having facilities in 5 min cycling distance and school in 5 min walking distance -0.4368 0.12
Physical features - dwellings and surroundings -0.678 0.037
Proximity to transport facilities 0.3812 0.59
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0011 0.212
Number of stories -0.1453 0.603
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.0036 0.001
Walking time to school (min) -0.0426 0.0
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0411 0.0
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0273 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.5446 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) 0.0171 0.048
Daily travel time (min) -0.0074 0.035
Dependent variable Location class preference
Model type LCM
Sample size 348.0
R2 nan
Adjusted R2
Pseudo R2 (nan) nan
AIC 1.161
BIC 1.257
Log-likelihood at zero -790.72
Log-likelihood at constants nan
Log-likelihood at convergence -639.65
Class 1
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0138 0.0
Number of stories -0.5349 0.003
Size of the block of land (m2) -0.0007 0.46
Walking time to school (min) -0.0149 0.31
Walking time to shops (min) -0.0381 0.01
Walking time to train station (min) -0.0251 0.0
Quality and amenity 0.2569 0.005
Daily travel cost ($) -0.0176 0.617
Daily travel time (min) -0.0158 0.067
Constant 0.8028 0.003
Importance of having facilities in 5 min cycling distance and school in 5 min walking distance -0.1255 0.66
Physical features - dwellings and surroundings -1.2871 0.0
Proximity to transport facilities 1.145 0.004
Class 2
Variable Coefficient p-value
Purchase price ($) -0.0059 0.0
Number of stories 0.6765 0.0
Size of the block of land (m2) 0.01 0.0
Walking time to school (min) -0.0162 0.195
Walking time to shops (min) 0.0173 0.178
Walking time to train station (min) -0.014 0.008
Quality and amenity 0.6533 0.0
Daily travel cost ($) -0.0388 0.169
Daily travel time (min) -0.0029 0.704

The Attitudes and Travel Database is produced with support from the Center for Teaching Old Models New Tricks at Arizona State University, a University Transportation Center sponsored by the US Department of Transportation through Grant No. 69A3551747116.

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